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Abstract Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the lead-ing cause of death globally, with a high proportion of hospitalizations and costs. In view of this, it is essential to understand the main CVDs in patients admitted to hospital emergency services and the role of physiotherapists, in order to plan and direct health services, and to denote participation and encourage specific physiotherapy training in the context of tertiary care. Objective To outline the profile of cardiovascular emergencies and to evaluate physiotherapy in adult patients in the emergency department of a hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Methods This was an observational study which analyzed 1,256 on-call records over a period of eight months. The data collected included age, gender, cardiovascular diagnostic hypothesis and physiotherapy treatment carried out. Results A total of 75 patients with cardiovascular emergencies were included, the most prevalent of which were: heart failure (n = 21), acute coronary syndrome (n = 14), acute myocardial infarction (n = 13), bradyarrhythmia (n = 6) and hypertensive crisis (n = 5). Regarding physiotherapeutic actions and their applications, the most frequent were invasive mechanical ventilation management (n = 34), lung re-expansion maneuvers (n = 17), orotracheal intubation assistance (n = 17), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (n = 14), bronchial hygiene maneuvers (n = 12), kinesiotherapy (n = 10) and sedation (n = 10). Conclusion Heart failure and acute coronary syndrome were the cardiovascular diseases that caused the most admissions to the hospital emergency department and that the procedures with an emphasis on the respiratory system were the most applied.
Resumo Introdução As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) repre-sentam a principal causa de morte global, destacando-se em internações e gastos. Diante disso, é essencial compreender as principais DCV em pacientes admitidos em serviços de emergência hospitalar e a atuação do fisioterapeuta para planejamento e direcionamento dos serviços de saúde e para denotar a participação e incentivar formações fisioterapêuticas específicas no contexto da atenção terciária. Objetivo Traçar o perfil de emergências cardiovasculares e avaliar a atuação fisioterapêutica em pacientes adultos de serviço de emergência de um hospital no interior do estado de São Paulo. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional, em que foram analisadas 1.256 fichas de passagem de plantão, no período de oito meses. Os dados coletados foram idade, sexo, hipótese diagnóstica cardiovascular e tratamento fisioterapêutico realizado. Resultados Foram incluídos 75 pacientes que apresentavam o perfil de emergências cardiovasculares, sendo as mais prevalentes: insuficiência cardíaca (n = 21), síndrome corona-riana aguda (n = 14), infarto agudo do miocárdio (n = 13), bradarritmia (n = 6) e crise hipertensiva (n = 5). Em relação à atuação fisioterapêutica e suas aplicações, as mais frequentes foram manejo da ventilação mecânica invasiva (n = 34), manobras de reexpansão pulmonar (n = 17), auxílio a intubação orotraqueal (n = 17), ventila-ção mecânica não invasiva (n = 14), manobras de higiene brônquica (n = 12), cinesioterapia (n = 10) e sedestação (n = 10). Conclusão A insuficiência cardíaca e a síndrome coronária aguda foram as doenças cardiovasculares que mais ocasionaram internação no serviço de emergência hospitalar e as condutas com ênfase no aparelho respiratório foram as mais aplicadas.
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Abstract Introduction: Alterations caused in the metabolism of those who practice physical exercise regularly generate health benefits, however, in athletes, these alterations can cause muscle damage, so post-recovery recovery methods are extremely important for their physiological maintenance. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of the contrast therapy technique with post-exercise recovery according to professional athletes. Methods: A questionnaire was applied that addressed the technical scientific knowledge of professional athletes over 18 years of age, of both sexes, about post-exerciseffort recovery techniques (PERT), personal information, and ethical issues, on an online platform. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, with values presented in percentages and an association through the Chi-Square test on the knowledge of PERT and other independent variables. Results: In total, 63 athletes, 15 women and 48 men, answered the online questionnaire, 71.4% were between 18 and 30 years old, including swimmers, footballers, and athletics practitioners, and 85.7% had more than three years' experience in the sport and 57.1% competed at an international level. Considering the main PERTs, 92.1% were aware, 58.7% knew more than four, 96.8% frequently used at least one PERT, and 65.1% had used it for more than three years. Knowledge of PERTs is associated with age (p = 0.001), education (p = 0.001), practice time (p = 0.001), hours of daily training (0.001), and competitive level (p = 0.03). With respect to the use of the contrast technique, 36.5% of the respondents had already used it, and 34.9% found it effective. Conclusion: The athletes who used the contrast technique reported a good perception of recovery.
Resumo Introdução: Alterações causadas no metabolismo de quem pratica exercício físico constantemente geram benefícios à saúde. Em atletas, porém, causam danos musculares e por isso métodos de recuperação pós-esforço são de extrema importância para a manutenção fisiológica de atletas. Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia da técnica de contraste com recuperação pós-esforço segundo atletas profissionais. Métodos: Aplicou-se um questionário online que abordou o conhecimento técnico científico de atletas profissionais acima de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, sobre técnicas de recuperação pós-esforço (TRPE), informações pessoais e questões éticas. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva, onde os valores foram apresentados em percentuais, e associação através do teste qui-quadrado sobre o conhecimento das TRPE e demais variáveis independentes. Resultados: Responderam ao questionário online 63 atletas, 15 mulheres e 48 homens, sendo que 71,4% tinham entre 18 e 30 anos de idade. Estes eram nadadores, futebolistas e praticantes de atletismo; 85,7% possuíam experiência superior a três anos na modalidade e 57,1% competiam em nível internacional. Sobre as principais TRPE, 92,1% tinham conhecimento, 58,7% conheciam mais de quatro, 96,8% usavam com frequência ao menos uma TRPE e 65,1% utilizavam a mais de três anos. O conhecimento de TRPE está associado à idade (p = 0,001), escolaridade (p = 0,001), tempo de prática (p = 0,001), horas de treino diário (0,001) e nível competitivo (p = 0,03). Quanto ao uso da técnica de contraste, 36,5% dos respondentes já a haviam utilizado e, destes, 34,9% a consideram efetiva. Conclusão: Os atletas que utilizaram a técnica de contraste relataram boa percepção de recuperação.
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BACKGROUND: This study was based on filling a gap in our knowledge regarding the issue of what the protective effect of physical exercise on patients within the Brazilian National Health System could be, in relation to low back pain. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of chronic low back pain (CLBP) and to analyze the protective effect of physical exercise among patients over 50 years old attended at primary healthcare units (PHUs). DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) that was conducted in two PHUs (Parque Cedral and Vila Real), located in different regions of the city of Presidente Prudente, Brazil. METHODS: In total, 327 patients were interviewed and evaluated at which retrospective characteristics covering the previous 12 months. The Nordic questionnaire was used to classify CLBP, and the Baecke questionnaire for physical activity level. The body mass index (kg/m2) was calculated using body mass and height values, both collected at the time of the interview. RESULTS: High prevalence of low back pain was found; 175 patients (53.5%) reported having had at least one episode of low back pain in the previous year. Of these, 71 (21.7%) answered yes to all four questions on the Nordic questionnaire and were classified as CLBP. Physical exercise remained associated with CLBP, independent of other factors (odds ratio = 0.35; 95% confidence interval = 0.15-0.80). CONCLUSION: High prevalence of low back pain was identified among PHU users. Physical exercise was associated as an independent protective factor against this pathological condition.